Can only find the trailer. However, Thomas, Hatcher and Meyrick did not mention Warrigal Creek as Gardner claimsand they certainly did not mention McMillan. The Commissariat let annual tenders for the supply of fresh meat and other staples. One thing is clear from his work: the Kurnai men were warriors. xX[~`*E}KgnvqEd%$4?9h1s7KDE+>RT*;[(b ]V)cxN:*e%{ZXi8C
-[Y1d-ZZ. This 50-minute documentary directed by Lisa Gye and Andrew Dodd examines a day in 1843 when 150 Indigenous men, women and children were slaughtered on the banks of what is now Warrigal Creek in Gippsland. Probably even as a child I just sensed something its a really spiritual place, she says. 0000003570 00000 n
In Chapter 1 of Gippsland Massacres, he states: There was a brigade formed by McMillan, which according to Gippslander, was called the Highland Brigade, and mainly consisted of Scotsmen who swore before God and their Queen not to inform on their fellow desperados, and to maintain complete secrecy of the affair in which they were about to participate. In his first notes [in the 1970s], he talks about the massacre and, from the beginning of my time here, no one ever kept a blanket over the story. /Im4 20 0 R /Im1 8 0 R >> >> 0000002903 00000 n
Some of the tale also bears a resemblance to accounts of the Hospital Creek massacre in New South Wales that emerged between 1911 and 1919, in which the survivor was a one-eyed Aborigine. stream lizabeth Balderstone leads a lifestyle that many city dwellers fantasise about, on a farm in Victorias Gippsland, surrounded by friendly sheep, with a humble little creek just 60 metres from her house. Some themes may be unpalatable, including tribal warfare, the murderous role of the Native Police, and the role of convicts as both slave labour and perpetratorsthey are part of the historical record but not always part of the written history. [citation needed] The group of Gaelic-speaking Scotsmen was known as the "Highland Brigade". This National Reconciliation week, reflect on the hidden history of the 1843 massacre of the Gurnaikurnai people at Warrigal Creek. The Warrigal Creek Massacre, a documentary exploring the history of colonisation in Gippsland in the 1800s, is screening at the Memo in Healesville on Wednesday 27 February at 6:45pm. This documentary was made by university journalism students and staff. There exists little to no official documentation of the Warrigal Creek Massacre. [44] The word colourful may have been more appropriate. The newspapers indicate that the murder was not an isolated event and occurred within a wider context of anarchy and violence involving the Kurnai and the convicts. An important part of Australian history, necessary for reconciliation. No reason was given for the murder. 0001031115 00000 n
Please try again. Don't miss the first Melbourne screening of an important new film, The Warrigal Creek Massacre, by former @Swinburne staff Andrew Dodd and Lisa Gye and assisted by current and former Swinburne. [25], Tyers noted that the Kurnai were geographically isolated from all of the neighbouring Aboriginal tribes, none of whom could understand their language, and From this circumstance, the Chief Protector [Robinson] on his visit to Gipps Land last year, was unsuccessful in his attempts to communicate with them. The isolation from the other tribes meant that their fierce and predatory habits have received no check.[26]. share events with your friends and make the most out of every experience. Sell more tickets through digital marketing. Many of the stock keepers were ticket-of-leave holders or assigned convict servants. Your email address will not be published. 2 0 obj
From 1840, increased numbers of convicts were sent to Van Diemens Land after the cessation of transportation to New South Wales. searching events in no time. "qd]^vc'OontVsl 0000116989 00000 n
In October that year, ninety-seven Kurnai warriors made a revenge raid into Bunurong territory. The attack on the Brataualung people camped at Warrigal Creek was one of several incidents resulting in loss of life among the Gunai Kurnai people. [41] The conspiracy of secrecy is used to explain why Hoddinott probably with good reason, chose to remain anonymous, as the account implicated Angus McMillan as the leader of this murderous retaliation. The timing of this record is important because it was made after two of the three searches for a white woman allegedly held captive by the Kurnai. In the revised edition of Gippsland Massacres, Gardner reinvented the account, claiming the bones were carried away from the [Warrigal] Creek by the cartload. [2] His work has indeed permeated academic and public discourse, but it contains many unproven assertions that undermine his main premise, that McMillan was responsible for the massacre. This essay appears in Decembers Quadrant. Second, Hatcher arrived in Gippsland several months after Tyers, so it was just a tad late to be a cover-up. 0000010851 00000 n
Historian Peter Gardner, in a review of all accounts of the massacre, wrote that MacMillan and the Highland Brigade aimed to wipe out all the Aboriginal people in the area. E lizabeth Balderstone leads a lifestyle that many city dwellers fantasise about, on a farm in Victoria's Gippsland, surrounded by friendly sheep, with a humble little creek just 60 metres from. The Warrigal Creek Massacre - the documentary There have now been two packed-out screenings of this documentary at Stratford. This documentary captures a story from Victoria, however there were similar stories as the waves of colonisation swept across the country. This included five in the Border Police, one of whom held a ticket-of-leave. [35] This simplistic reductionism obscures the complexity of Gippslands early history, evident in his rejection of Robinsons observations on the escaped convicts. Ranald Macalister was the nephew of Lachlan Macalister and the fifth European to be murdered by the Kurnai. Before declaring Hoddinotts tale to be completely reliable, it would have been prudent to analyse its contents. There is now a documentary on the Warrigal Creek Massacre, near Woodside, north of Yarram. 0000024560 00000 n
The Author at Warrigal Creek 2016. 0000002733 00000 n
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Hoddinott said that more than 100 Aboriginal people were killed on that day. [37] Again, no proof is offered. Where I live you can almost point in every direction [to a massacre site], he says. Facebook. He also stated: There are many persons congregated in Alberton, without any visible means of earning a livelihood, a parcel of the most lawless rogues. In other parts of the District, prior to my arrival, they had occasionally come into collision with the Settlersthe consequence of which was the murder of four shepherdsand as far as I can learn without any provocationthey have also committed, and are still committing, many depredations on the stock of the Settlerswhich from the nature of the country, and the known fact of their carrying on their depredations at night, it is difficult to prevent. [50] This raises two issues: first, this is a fallacious misuse of the material; Hatcher said the bones might be gathered uphis might be has transmogrified into Gardners were. Presumably he had reasons for both, but he did not say why and he did not reveal the source of his information. Welcome to you all., Read Quadrant online or as a printed magazine Starting at $88.00 a year. Gardners method in telling the story is to first present the massacre and McMillans involvement as matters of fact. Warrigal Creek Massacre: A Truth-telling Documentary. Gardner says this was almost certainly McMillan of Nuntin and that Dunderdale was mistaken as the person he was most likely referring to was McMillan of Bushy Park. 0000118101 00000 n
Those who came in chains, those who fled famine, those who fled or survived genocide and war and its consequences. The murder of Ranald Macalister may have been the pretext for an attack on the Kurnai at Warrigal Creek or Gammon Creek but this is not borne out by the contemporary historical record. Truth-telling about the wrongs of the past is necessary for reconciliation. The creek is on a farm 40 kilometres south of Sale, and 200 kilometres east of Melbourne, in the South Gippsland area of Victoria, Australia. [7], Many histories of Gippsland have quaint notions of founding fathers, churches and shires, but the reality is that squatters occupied the region in order to capture a share of the filthy lucre of the Van Diemens Land convict economy. The other was a little older; he made his escape up the creek by swimming and diving. Fawkner blamed them for most of the conflict between the Europeans and the Aborigines. from It was made to better understand our country's true history. The return did not include ex-convicts.[28]. Build a site and generate income from purchases, subscriptions, and courses. Bass Coast South Gippsland Reconciliation Group members Marg Lynn and Florence Hydon say they have been left completely unsatisfied: Stage one was getting rid of McMillan, of course, but stage two was totally frustrating.. An important part of Australian history, necessary for reconciliation. First though, it is necessary to establish the circumstances that led to the European settlement of Gippsland and the resulting conflict with the indigenous Kurnai people, which is the root of the massacre story. He calls them The McMillan Massacres. Beyond this, the subject needs a complete reassessment and the instilling of some academic rigour. Robinson was also attempting to do the same, although by a different route. endobj
Gardner prefaced the following quote from Gippslander stating that after the murder of Macalister, An avenging party set out under the leadership of Angus McMillan , The brigade coming up to the blacks camped around the waterhole at Warrigal Creek surrounded them and fired into them, killing a great number, some escaped into the scrub, others jumped into the waterhole, and, as fast as they put their heads up for a breath, they were shot until the water was red with blood. No wild beast of the forest was ever hunted down with such unsparing perseverance as they are. [4] Howitts pioneering anthropological work is compelling reading and provides a suitable counter to many modern narratives. Perhaps the most apt way to name these outrageous and brutal occurrences is that they be called after the man who organised and perpetrated them: Angus McMillan. 6az Q";cM;|?)/ Bg~VK7QVK_6 +K}\\&h"DmWK+^>Pnu"8H8@sF1jO-@g?XjGs=2]v'x9y[6p X
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&DvB )vBqKwbm%aM!._aiaekE)hc_9lujzR10IrR--6HWXSA[Wd{DS#~}wDvenr,rFU-}aOe(d}b McMillan is mentioned once by Gippslander, where he is supposed to have caught Macalisters horse on the road to Sale (which did not exist then). 0
[12] The first reported attack on the squatters came in 1841 when, it was said, 600 Kurnai attacked Macalisters run. Events.com Browse is curated to help you find and attend events you love. They will be immediately recommended to interested users. To those who came by jet plane yesterday. 0000117691 00000 n
It is free to attend this event, but bookings are essential. I welcome you all to (insert place name). [2] Some historians assert that the number of 60 is an exaggeration, despite the witness accounts. Thomas wrote that Meyrick, gave me a most awful statement of doings in Gippsland & tho he stated the utter impossibility of bringing forward valid evidence to convict in a court of law, yet the awful spectacle of human skeletons & pack[s] of bones & report[s] of doings within the last 3 yrs, shows that the Aborigines have been cut off in awful numbers, & the residue left almost totally destitute, in fact he said how they lived God only knew as they were driven to the Lakes & Lagoons where Europeans would not follow them, that the Maneiro Blks (encouraged he believed by the early Settlers) [had] been very instrumental with the Black Police of awfully thinning their numbers that the Awful Sacrifice of life after the Murder of Mr McAlister was awfully reckless & merciless [53]. Gardner cites other versions of the death of Macalister and the massacre to build his narrative, all based on Gippslander or otherwise post-Dunderdale. [1], The estimates of numbers of deaths vary: some historical accounts say that 60 people were killed,[citation needed] while other sources suggest that up to 150 people may have been killed. This raises the inevitable question of whether the massacre story, based on Gardners interpretation, should be seen as historical fact or an apocryphal tale. Launch date: Wednesday 4 AprilStratford Courthouse TheatreFree entry but bookings essentialRegister via Eventbrite http://bit.ly/2sTmWsCAbout the filmWhen Angus McMillian and the Highland Brigade rode through Gippsland in 1843, they aimed to murder as many Gunai Kurnai children, women and men as they could.At a quiet bend on a beautiful creek they committed one of the worst acts of indiscriminate killing in the Australian colonies.Drawing on official archives and oral histories that have never died, this is the story of The Warrigal Creek Massacre.Because to move forward we must acknowledge our past.Produced and directed by Andrew Dodd and Lisa Gye.Production and research by Danielle Bowen, Jonathan Boadle, Jakeb Fair, Alex Owsianka, Don Sheil and Ben Winnell.Supported by Swinburne University. Gary Foley's Koori History Website http://www.kooriweb.org/foley/indexb.html Kevin Gilbert, Because a . These passages represent the sum total of Gardners evidence against McMillan (left), but he does not explain how the story implicates McMillan. It really hadnt happened before and it just was not even acknowledged or recognised.. It was, of course, impossible to identify any blackfellow concerned in the outrage, and therefore atonement must be made by the tribe. They did not find any Bunurong so they ransacked a squatters station instead. 0000016727 00000 n
The current awareness of the Warrigal Creek massacre stems largely from the writing of the self-published historian Peter Gardner, who contends that his work represents currently accepted history. While the murder was well documented in contemporary newspaper accounts, the reports also indicate that by mid-1843, Gippsland was in a state of disarray. new domain, Events.com. [59] McMillans Bushy Park run was on the eastern side of the Avon. Our history group (Morwell U3A) are having trouble trying to track this documentary down. A Scottish colonist, called Angus McMillan, led a group of about 20 settlers who . 0000024227 00000 n
Men, women and children are shot whenever they can be met with I have protested against it at every station I have been in Gippsland, in the strongest language, but these things are kept very secret as the penalty would certainly be hanging. [54] Meyrick arrived in Gippsland in 1845 so he was not a witness to anything before that date. McMillan is not implicated in any of the material cited as evidence against him. [16] The Port Phillip Gazette reported in April 1845: A report has been current that a whole tribe of blacks has been extirpated in the Gipps Land country, by the Western Port or Port Phillip blacks, led on by several of the Mounted Black Police; we understand that an investigation is now going on, and we may add it is one of the most extraordinary affairs we have yet heard about. [33] His work was cited widely in a motion to remove monuments to McMillan put before the Wellington Shire Council in June 2020. An unexpected error occurred. Every day I look over and make sure things look peaceful there.. The Balderstones house is just steps from a humble waterway where up to 150 Gunaikurnai people were mowed down, turning the water red with blood, A massacre map of the frontier wars interactive. Light refreshments will be available. Stay updated on Warrigal Creek Massacre Documentary Screening and find even more events in Warragul. A trip to Gipps Land in April 1843 The Courier 23 June 1843, p.4, [8] Caldow, W (2012) Gippsland and the Van Diemens Land Livestock Trade: The Log of the Dew Drop 1847-49, The Great Circle, Vol 34, No. In March 1840, twenty Bunurong men from Westernport escaped the supervision of Assistant Protector William Thomas to undertake a raid into Gippsland. His body was mutilated and stripped, and it was found the next day by an Aboriginal boy in his employment. Macalisters letter to the Sydney Morning Herald in 1843 and a search of Trove and the PROV websites reveal that this statement is incorrect. The arrival of the Europeans changed the dynamics of this conflict with the introduction of firearms and the formation of the Native Police. 0000034566 00000 n
Some basic research puts Hatchers account into context. Production and research by Danielle Bowen, Jonathan Boadle, Jakeb Fair, Alex Owsianka, Don Sheil and Ben Winnell. Balderstones daughter Alice Irving calls the site a powerful place. Coincidentally or not, the Australasian newspaper published stories between 1923 and 1925 with a one-eyed Aboriginal character named Bing-eye; the term club foot was ubiquitous. He wrote a number of reports on the state of Gippsland to his superior, Charles La Trobe, the Superintendent of the Port Phillip District. 4 0 obj Dunderdale states: Lachlan Macalister had a long experience in dealing with blackfellows and bushrangers; he had been a captain in the army and an officer of the border police. To date, there is nothing to suggest that it will include Angus McMillan leading the Charge of the Highland Brigade. The question posed at the start of this article was whether Gardners Warrigal Creek massacre story should be seen as historical fact or an apocryphal tale. %PDF-1.3 Host virtual events and webinars to increase engagement and generate leads. Because to move forward we must acknowledge our past. % [citation needed], A witness, Willy Hoddinott, wrote the following in 1925:[3], "The brigade coming up to the blacks camped around the Waterhole at Warrigal Creek surrounded them and fired into them, killing a great number, some escaped into the scrub, others jumped into the waterhole, and, as fast as they put their heads up for breath, they were shot until the water was red with blood. 2151 The reference to Bundalaguah Swamp has previously escaped notice. Emotional articles in the Guardian in 2019 parroted the denunciation of McMillan, as did the Gippsland Times in June 2020. An excellent and detailed correction of Gardner. They were feared by their tribal enemies for their ability to attack at nighta skill the Europeans were to encounter.[5]. 0000024533 00000 n
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In July 1843, a European named Ronald Macalister was killed by First Nations men near Port Albert, in Victoria. [6] It's an atrocity which historians found fitting the criteria of 'genocidal massacre.' [3] /TT4 13 0 R /TT6 15 0 R /TT1 10 0 R >> /XObject << /Im2 16 0 R /Im3 18 0 R The area of Nuntin is on the western side of the Avon and was shown in a survey map of 1857. 0000116911 00000 n
5 0 obj Following the screening, VMIAC will facilitate a discussion about the film and its importance in understanding the effects of colonisation and inter-generational trauma and resilience for First Nations peoples. Chapters 6 and 7 of Gippsland Massacres retell the story. Gardner claims his work is partly political and partly moralistic; he disdains objectivity and describes his politics as left. According to Gardner, the Warrigal Creek massacre was revenge for his murder. [6=ViWy|4X$l`DvNk#F/W/kO>{Z_:/\ 'lrgQvFY+fGQ 4\y~QVG[\^aeiQ>mx2k |#R[?#5M. The men were easy prey for the Kurnai and by mid-1843, four had been murdered. The Warrigal Creek Massacre | About the film When Angus McMillian and the Highland Brigade rode through Gippsland in 1843, they aimed to murder as many Gunai Kurnai children, women and men as they could. We are yet to have a complete understanding of Gippsland in the 1840s. [48] Thomas (right) recorded a conversation with a man named Hatcher who Gardner believes was the brother-in-law of a Gippsland squatter named Buntine. [30] Escapees living outside the law would therefore have posed a dire threat to the Kurnai. I learned a lot I had not previously known, and am still thinking about. Gardners work has hints of Marxist reductionism, where the Kurnai are portrayed as living in an Arcadian economy that was destroyed by the expansionary capitalism of the land-hungry squatters. Peter Gardner[1]. [56] These accounts nonetheless provide evidence of the otherwise unrecorded conflict between the Europeans and the Kurnai at places such as Bruthen Creek. He was hit in the eye by a slug, captured by the whites, and made to lead the 'brigade' from one camp to another.". Gardners reliability can best be judged by his rewriting of an inter-tribal massacre at Tambo Crossing. The themes in this page may cause distress. Their territory extended along the coast from Cape Liptrap in the west to Point Hicks in the east, and inland to the Great Dividing Range in the north. [38], I knew two blacks who, though wounded, came out of that hole alive. These stories contain the earliest known account of a massacre as revenge for the death of Macalister. The Geelong Advertiser reported the murder: It is reported that Mr. McAllister was decoyed from his station by a party of blacks on pretext of having found a flock of sheep that had been missing, and that having got him to a spot favourable for their murderous purpose, they set upon him with their waddies, and despatched him under circumstances of the utmost barbarity.[20]. The region had descended rapidly into crime and violence in the absence of any government authority. 'Conspiracy of silence': how sabotaged inquiries fed massacre denials, Telling the truth about Australia's past will be painful but it will be liberating | Karen Mundine and Richard Weston, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. 3 0 obj
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Establishing the factual basis of this will require in-depth research to uncover any written evidence before Bells account from 1874, as well as archaeological evidence at locations such as Bruthen Creek and Bundalaguah Swamp. Gunaikurnai people have visited the land for years to pay their respects, giving Balderstone some understanding of the pain and intergenerational trauma they still experience. Food and drink refreshments will be offered (meat, vegetarian and gluten free options available). The Warrigal Creek Massacre: True Story or Apocryphal? Over there, thats where the whitefellas killed our old fellas., The Gurnaikurnai artist Steaphan Paton says the monuments to McMillan one calls him Gippslands discoverer should be removed: They belong in a museum, they dont belong on our land.. Bells account is matter-of-fact and he did not name McMillan or any other person. It is cited in the Australian Dictionary of Biography entry for McMillan, which is in turn cited on the Victorian Parliament website. Frustrated with the hidden history of the massacre, the makers of this 50-minute documentary sought oral histories and combed through archival works to capture and relay the truth of Australias violent past. [6], In contrast, there is an implicit assumption in Gardners work that the Kurnai were passive victims of European violence, but this does not do them justice. There were further reports of violence involving the Kurnai in April 1844 when the Sydney Morning Herald printed a letter from a Gippsland squatter: The blacks are still continuing their outragesburning huts, robbing peoples gardens, and slaughtering cattle by wholesale. In July 1843, up to 150 Gunaikurnai people were killed near the banks of what is now known as Warrigal Creek. It beggars belief that it was accepted as a completely reliable historical source. 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