Oral history interview with Sally Falk Moore, Oral history interview with Bernard Meltzer, Oral history interview with Ernest Michel, Oral history interview with Richard Sonnenfeldt. Twenty-two members of the Einsatzgruppen, Nazi extermination squads responsible for the deaths of more than a million Jews, and many thousands of Gypsies, partisans and others, were tried and convicted at Nuremberg. She was united in marriage to Fred J. Knode May 3, 1941, in. And the latter unleashed the historical forces that led to the rise of Nazism the crimes of which Ferenczwould prosecute at the Nuremberg Trials. The Reading Room at the Shapell Center is open to the public. Benjamin B. Ferencz donated his collection to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Oct. 1994. [10], He also published several books on this subject. When the ICC came to their first case, against Congolese warlord Thomas Lubanga Dyilo in Uganda, they invited Ferencz to make the closing remarks for the prosecution. [13], Experiences just after World War II left a defining impression on Ferencz. While still at Harvard, Ferencz had studied jurisprudence with Professor Roscoe Pound, one of the most learned jurists in the world. He returned to New York and prepared to practice law. As Nazi atrocities were uncovered, he was transferred to a newly created War Crimes Branch of the Army to gather evidence of Nazi brutality and apprehend the criminals. Post navigation Previous gertrude ferencz birthday. [6] All of the 22 men on trial were convicted; 13 of them received death sentences, of which four were eventually carried out. [citation needed]. But ironically, neither France nor the United Kingdom have ratified the ICCs amendments on the crime of aggression. Foreign Claims Settlement Commission. [10] In this vein, he has suggested in an interview given on August 25, 2006, that not only Saddam Hussein should be tried, but also George W. Bush because the Iraq War had been begun by the U.S. without permission by the UN Security Council. It was ridiculous, but it was symbolic. All Obituaries - Teichart-Gracan Funeral Home offers a variety of funeral services, from traditional funerals to competitively priced cremations, serving Duquesne, PA and the surrounding communities. His earliest memories are of his small basement apartment in a Manhattan district - appropriately referred to as "Hell's Kitchen." Hallowell - Beloved Gertrude Charlotte Cleveland Miller died peacefully in her sleep on February 4, 2023, at her home in Granite Hill Estates, Hallowell, Maine having lead an inspired life that impacted many. The recognition that we have to move as a unit gave us the EU, it gave us the US, 50 states with very differing opinions. When you are a part of the other, youre less inclined to attack it. tvtta bt med hgtryckstvtt; Uncategorized; gertrude ferencz obituary; April 24, 2022 . The U.S. had decided to prosecute a broad cross section of Nazi criminals once the trial against Goering and his henchmen was over. Special loving companion of Patty Coljohn. It was his first trial, and he was 27 at the time. It is a disappointment shared by his son, Don Ferencz, who told Al Jazeera:By failing to join as a member of the ICC, the United States has turned its back on the lessons of Nuremberg. The National Archives transferred a small portion of his personal papers to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Dec. 1994. Obituary Service Details Dorothy Mae (Noble) Ferencz, 85, of Lewistown passed away Wednesday, February 22, 2017 at Mt. It seemed to him that there was little sense in denouncing aggression, terrorism, and other crimes against humanity unless these offenses became part of an accepted international criminal code enforced by an international court. Born Jan. 1, 1919, in Barree Township, she was the daughter of the late Charles Wesley and Nora Irene (Haulman) Hutchison. In 1970, as the US was embroiled in Vietnam, he decided to withdraw from private practice altogether and devote himself to promoting peace. Benjamin B Ferencz, Age 102. aka Ben Ferencz, Benj B Ferenoz, Benj B Ferencz, Benjami Ferencz. [15][16], In 2013, Ferencz stated once more that the "use of armed force to obtain a political goal should be condemned as an international and a national crime. Residents of 355 Seville Terr, Delray Beach, FL 33446-2150 include Gertrude. Camps like Buchenwald, Mauthausen, and Dachau are vividly imprinted in my mind's eye. He has lived long enough to see them retire. His job duties also consisted of unceremoniously cleaning toilets and scrubbing pots and floors. I suppose I could have brandished my weapon or shot in the air, but I was not inclined to do so. This collection holding institution considers this description as an accurate reflection of the archival holdings to which it refers at the moment of data transfer. You know how I got witness statements? Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Reparations . Interviews in Audio or Video 1; Film, Audio, and Video. All 1; Video Recording 1; In his 1988 book, Planethood, Ferencz writes: Indelibly seared into my memory are the scenes I witnessed while liberating these centers of death and destruction. After graduating he joined an anti-aircraft artillery battalion of the US army and received five battle stars from the Pentagon for having not been killed in every major battle in Europe. Please accept Echovita's sincere condolences. Loving son of Joseph and Arline, brother of Cindi Pursley (Stephen) and Pam Murawski (Larry). Toggle facets Filter your search Digital Availability. [33], In March 2022, an audio clip of Ben Ferencz was played during the Eleventh emergency special session of the United Nations General Assembly and he later gave an interview to BBC Radio 4's The World Tonight on the Russian invasion of Ukraine. They lived for. Ferencz has continued to mobilize support for the ICC, take on media punditries and inform an oft-misinformed media about the ICC. My dad is a guy who has been traumatised by what he saw, smelt and felt with his own eyes, ears and hands, he told the documentary makers. Gertrude C. Miller. http://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn508132. Here is James Ferencz's obituary. As a combat soldier Ferencz fought in every. Obituary. Washington, DC 20024-2126 But, Don points out, he has never been officially recognised by the US government. All materials on this site are protected by copyright and intellectual property laws and are the property of benferencz.org. He would eventually become what Richard Goldstone, the former chief prosecutor of the United Nations International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda, would later call the heart and soul of international criminal justice. Grave Site. Coalition for the International Criminal Court: 2006. He grew up in a tough New York City neighborhood where his father found work as a. His voice for the first time cracks and his eyes fill with tears. When he was ten months old his family moved to America. During World War II, he. Upon graduating from Harvard Law School in 1943, he joined an anti-aircraft artillery battalion. [23], In April 2017, the municipality of The Hague announced the naming of the footpath next to the Peace Palace the Benjamin Ferenczpad ("Benjamin Ferencz Path"), calling him "one of the figureheads of international justice". Ferencz was sent with about fifty researchers to Berlin to scour Nazi offices and archives. In 2011, Ferencz delivered a portion of the closing statement in the ICCsfirst trial of the Congolese warlord Thomas Lubanga Dyilo. Benj B Ferencz, Benjamin B Ferencz, and two other persons spent some time in this place. Benjamin B Ferencz, Age 102. Peters, both of Munster. [8] After his studies, he joined the U.S. Army. So, the movement towards unification was itself a great accomplishment. Ben Ferencz was just 27 years old when in 1947 he became the chief prosecutor in one of the Nuremberg War CrimesTrials after World War II. These were educated people; one was a father of five children. Ferencz had immigrated to the U.S. as a baby, the son of poor Jewish parents from a small town in Romania. [10] He also suggested that Bush should be tried in the International Criminal Court for '269 war crime charges' related to the Iraq War. Do not use this site to make decisions about employment, insurance, credit, leasing, tenant screening or any other purpose covered by the FCRA, 355 Seville Terrace, Delray Beach, FL 33446, Latitude, Longitude: 26.452865, -80.150871. Role in forming the International Criminal Court. You need laws in order to define whats permissible and whats not permissible, you need courts where people can be held accountable if they violate the laws, and you need a system of effective enforcement. Nowits payback time. The verdict was hailed as a great success for the prosecution. [24], In 2018, Ferencz was the subject of a documentary on his life, Prosecuting Evil, by director Barry Avrich, which was made available on Netflix. [5], An International Criminal Court was indeed established on July 1, 2002, when the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court came into force. Gertrude Fried Birth 5 Feb 1920 Death 29 Mar 2009 (aged 89) Burial. George Ferencz, a longtime mainstay of the Off Broadway scene who directed premieres and revivals of plays by Sam Shepard, Aishah Rahman and Amiri . After George After careful deliberation, Ferencz decided that he would gradually withdraw from the private practice of law and would dedicate himself to studying and writing about world peace. He is the last surviving prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials. He deeply regrets that out of all countries the U.S.doesnt recognize the ICJ. Their four kids have reached the age of pensioners themselves now. Taylor was adamant that his office lacked the resources for such a trial, but Ferencz persisted. The International Military Tribunal prosecution against German Field Marshal, Herman Goering and other leading Nazis was already in progress under the leadership the American Prosecutor, Robert M. Jackson on leave from the US Supreme Court. 2021: honorary Doctorate awarded by the faculty of law of the, This page was last edited on 23 February 2023, at 23:43. [6], In 1945, he was transferred to the headquarters of General Patton's Third Army, where he was assigned to a team tasked with setting up a war crimes branch and collecting evidence for such crimes. The series includes but is not limited to correspondence, newspaper clippings, memoranda, notes, essays, reports, and other documents pertaining to Benjamin B. Ferencz's professional association with B'nai B'rith. He was rejected because of his height. He lives in Florida. Ferencz's father was a janitor who graduated to house painting. Mini Bio (1) Benjamin Ferencz was born on March 11, 1920 in Soncuta-Mare, Romania. Later, he became an advocate of international rule of law and for the . No, I was angry., If he had to give three pieces of advice to young people, they would be: One, never give up. Holocaust Survivors and Victims Resource Center, The Jeff and Toby Herr Oral History Archive. Does that make me an accomplice to murder? Bens qualities of individuality, tenacity and pluck are crucial as we look ahead to face the challenges of future generations.. They were married for more than 70 years, "without a quarrel", until her death in 2019. Not long before Ferenczs discharge, the Allies had begun prosecuting major Nazi war criminals before the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg. Thats why Im still fighting, to prevent that from happening again.. These additional online resources from the U.S. It never occurred to me that statements taken under duress would be invalid. Within two days they shot more than 30,000 Jews in the ravine Babi Yar close to Kiev, which then belonged to the Soviet Union. Benjamin B. Ferencz was born in omcuta Mare, Romania (Nagysomkt, Hungary) on March 11, 1920, to Joseph and Sarah Ferencz. He is survived by his wife, Connie (Cortazzo) Ferencz; daughters, Shari. Most people dont know that until about the age of 95 years old, my father stood on his head for about five minutes every single day.. It was followed by the Subsequent Nuremberg trials of other Nazi leaders before American military tribunals. "[17], Ferencz wrote in 2018, in a preface to a book on the future of international justice, that "war-making itself is the supreme international crime against humanity and that it should be deterred by punishment universally, wherever and whenever offenders are apprehended". Benjamin Ferencz, at 97 the last surviving prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials, has fought for the victims of war crimes all his life. The case we present is a plea of humanity to law. She had cancer, but it didn't have her. Organization is chronological by year groups; reverse chronological by folder within each box. This was the first of the famous Nuremberg trials. Because Im 97 years old and Im aware of the alternatives.. [36], On April 7, 2022, Florida Governor Ron DeSantis awarded Ferencz the Governors Medal of Freedom[37] at a ceremony held at Florida Atlantic University. Aus dem Vorlass von Benjamin B. Ferencz, Lecture Series of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law, War crimes committed by the United States, The International Criminal Court and the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Review Conference of the International Criminal Court Statute, United States and the International Criminal Court, "Chief prosecutor Benjamin Ferencz presents his case at the Einsatzgruppen Trial", Pursuing Human Dignity: The Legacies of Nuremberg for International Law, Human Rights & Education, Chancellor Konrad Adenauer signs the reparations agreement between the Federal Republic of Germany and Israel, Telford Taylor: Pioneer of International Criminal Law, Reassessing the Nuremberg Military Tribunals, Bush and Saddam Should Both Stand Trial, Says Nuremberg Prosecutor, Letter to NY Times re: Bin Laden's Killing, "The improbable story of the man who won history's biggest murder trial at Nuremberg", Letter to NY Times re: Crimes Against Humanity, "Peace Palace path named for Nazi war crimes prosecutor", "Review: In 'Fahrenheit 11/9', Michael Moore asks the heartland to deliver us from Trump", Benjamin Ferencz: The last surviving Nuremberg prosecutor, "Two Heads Are Better Than One: Making of the Ben Ferencz Bust", "Two Heads Are Better Than One World Premiere", "Ferencz: "Der Weltfrieden darf nicht unser Ziel bleiben, sondern muss Realitt werden" - Liechtenstein", "Last surviving Nuremberg Trials prosecutor says Putin should be 'behind bars', "2021 Florida Statutes Title IV Chapter 14 Section 35", "Governor DeSantis Awards the Governor's Medal of Freedom to Benjamin Ferencz, the Last Surviving Nuremberg Prosecutor", "DeSantis awards Nuremberg trials prosecutor with Florida Medal of Freedom", "Criminal: Episode 177: Palace of Justice on Apple Podcasts", "Parting Words: Nine Lessons for a Remarkable Life by Benjamin Ferencz review what you know when you're 100", "Recht statt Krieg: Uni Kln ehrt Benjamin Ferencz", A lecture Ferencz gave on Memorial Day, 2006, at the Library of Congress, Benjamin Ferencz on Nuremberg War Crimes Trials on C-SPAN, Oral history interview with Benjamin Ferencz at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Biographical Interview with Benjamin Ferencz, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ben_Ferencz&oldid=1141218373, 20th-century American non-fiction writers, 21st-century American non-fiction writers, American people of Hungarian-Jewish descent, Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, United States Army Judge Advocate General's Corps, United States Army non-commissioned officers, United States Army personnel of World War II, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox military person with embed, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2021, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Well, there were only 22 seats in the dock. But Brexit is a mistake, and in time they will look back at this and think: Oh my God, how could we have been so backward? Today, some people are fleeing for their lives, other people are saying: Not in my backyard, take them someplace else, they speak a different language, they dont want to work all that junk. The first case it tried was about child soldiers, and Ben Ferencz gave the closing statement for the prosecution. Before Ferencz turned one, his family had fled anti-Semitic persecution, boarding a boat for the United States. Holocaust Memorial Museum public program at B'nai Torah Congregation. [28] He became a centenarian two months later. The best quote of Bens, which I think summarises his lasting legacy, is I prefer law to war in all circumstances, Teitel explains. Gartner was, at the time, working as a law clerk for Justice Robert Jackson of the US Supreme Court, and Jackson had just been assigned the task of serving as the Chief of Counsel for the United States at the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg. General Telford Taylor was assigned as Chief of Counsel for 12 subsequent trials. [9] In the spring of 1947, in Berlin, where Ferencz had been sent as the chief of the Berlin Branch to delve through Nazi offices and archives, histeam found a nearly complete set of secret reports describing the daily activities of the Einsatzgruppen. Bernard Meltzer discusses his role as a prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials; how he led a team of lawyers to gather evidence against business executives that helped finance the Nazis and defendants who profited from slave labor; and his reflections upon the legacy and impact of the trials. [6], On Christmas 1945,[7] Ferencz was honorably discharged from the Army with the rank of sergeant. . Those are the three legs on which civilisation stands. He did so by winning a scholarship to Harvard law school. Its an anti-Semitic computer; it never does what I want, he says and winks. He was previously married to Gertrude Fried. Ferencz was born on March 11, 1920, in a tiny cottage rented to his poor Jewish parents. Gertrude Ferencz is a few months older than her husband. Records link the following phone numbers with Gertrude's details: (914) 633-0005 (Verizon New York, Inc), (914) 636-1486. [12] While pursuing claims of Jewish forced laborers against the Flick concern (the subject of the Flick trial), Ferencz observed the "interesting phenomenon of history and psychology that very frequently the criminal comes to see himself as the victim". Margaret Felicichia of Hammond, Martha and Gertrude. We were trying to show people how horrible it is if you take a leader whos very charismatic, and unquestionably follow him, even to murdering little children. If one is rich and the other one is poor, the rich doesnt want to give it up to the poor. The chief prosecutor for the US in the case was former army sergeant Benjamin Ferencz. "I saw many crimes, but never lawyers. In order to spread the word to a larger audience, he condensed the gist of his thinking into a small, inexpensive paperback, A Common Sense Guide to World Peace, the title influenced by that great patriot, Tom Paine, whose pamphlet Common Sense had inspired the American Revolution. But sometimes a single individual, bucking trends, can make a huge impact. Was I worried? I read a number of letters he wrote while he was liberating the camps, what he saw and what he felt. No, I was confident. . He says he told himself: I do not want to forget what I came to Germany for.. It was thanks to him that the trial against the so-called Einsatzgruppen German for action groups came about. Ferencz was honourably discharged from the army in December 1945, having earned five battle stars, and returned to New York, where he married his wife Gertrude on March 31, 1946. Nittany Medical Center. Its a straight line from Nuremberg to the Rohingya/Myanmar case in The Hague., Mark Drumbl is a professor of law at Washington and Lee University. She was almost ninety-five. It was his first case. Search below to view digital records and find material that you can access at our library and at the Shapell Center. With his wife Gertrude, who died in 2019, Ben has four grown children. Benjamin B. Ferencz was born in the Carpathian Mountains of Transylvania in 1920. To Ruti Teitel, a professor at New York Law School, Ferenczs enduring legacy is his work for the anti-war movement, particularly the movement against nuclear weapons. [20][21] Also that year he presented a closing statement in the trial of Thomas Lubanga Dyilo in Uganda. You searched for: Subject Ferencz, Gertrude Fried, 1919-2019. He continues to be a force for good, last autumn donating $1m (800,000) to the Holocaust museums genocide prevention centre, a gift he has pledged to repeat annually for up to 10 years. Ferencz was born on March 11, 1920 in Soncuta-Mare in Romania, and he was a baby when his family emigrated to New York. These are heavy blows to efforts to establish a global legal order for pursuing genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity, and it is now feared that the tide of nationalist sentiment is threatening to undermine the project altogether. She was a graduate of Trenton High School Class of . Taylor was preparing for theSubsequent Nuremberg trials. Ferencz graduated from the City College of New York. Now he is 96 years old and the only one of those prosecutors still alive. A Former Prosecutor at the Nuremberg War Crimes Trial Benjamin B. Ferencz was born in the Carpathian Mountains of Transylvania in 1920. The Einsatzgruppen were mobile SS death squads that operated in Nazi-occupied Eastern Europe. Im always doing fantastic, he tells me with certain mirth, when I call him at his home in New Rochelle, New York. We think progress is built on institutions, Drumbl reflects. His advocacy contributed to United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3314, which sought to define the crime of aggression. Main telephone: 202.488.0400 When visiting Auschwitz for the first time just after the war, Benjamin Ferencz picked up small bones in the grass. The Nazis were so sure they would win the war they kept record of all their atrocities. All Rights ReservedOfficialUSA.com is not a consumer reporting agency. Gertrude Ferencz Delray Beach, FL (Kings Point) AGE 80+ AGE 80+ Gertrude Ferencz Delray Beach, FL (Kings Point) Phone NumberAddressBackground Report Addresses Seville O, Delray Beach, FL Bayberry Ln, New Rochelle, NY Seville N, Delray Beach, FL Relatives Ann L Ferencz Benjamin B Ferencz Donald Martin Ferencz View details Phone Numbers I have learned that a war can make mass murderers out of otherwise decent people. Crime was the neighborhood's chief industry. Its unimaginable. When he got older he found, as many of us do, the joys of whisky, in his case Scotch single malts. Taylor was preparing for the, They took place in the same courtroom as the International Military Tribunal proceeding, in the, In 2011, Ferencz delivered a portion of the closing statement in the ICCs. HAMILTON Gertrude Marion (Zdanowicz) Baranowski Pinto, age 87, of Hamilton, entered into her eternal rest with the Lord on Sunday, February 12, 2023, at Capital Health Hopewell surrounded by her loving family. [22], On March 16, 2012, in another letter to the editor of The New York Times, Ferencz hailed the International Criminal Court's conviction of Thomas Lubanga as "a milestone in the evolution of international criminal law". Since my first meeting with him, I have never, ever ceased to be amazed by his moral clarity, indefatigable energy and fighting spirit.. Brigadier General Telford Taylor. Email Address: b AYLG @peoplepc.com +3 emails. Margaret V. Ferencz, peacefully fell asleep in the Lord on Tuesday, December 21, 2021 in her own home, watched over by four of her eight children. Receiving critical acclaim from its readers, with over 450,000 copies printed and served as an inexpensive and easy-to-read Key to Survival and Prosperity.. A New Yorker most of his life, Ferencz has another home in New Rochelle, where he raised four children. He witnessed scenes that would haunt him for the rest of his life: bodies piled up before the crematoria and skeletal human beings barely clinging to life. Although rank and file soldiers in the US, France and the UK can be tried for violations of the laws of war, the politicians who send them out, to fight and die in violation of the prohibition on the crime of aggressive war remain unaccountable to law.. They mainly conducted mass killings, often shooting their victims into pits dug specifically for the purpose or ravines, ditches and quarries. The Holocaust Encyclopedia provides an overview of the Holocaust using text, photographs, maps, artifacts, and personal histories. So Ive got to get back to Florida and continue to take care of her., Theres a pause, before he adds: There are other things to do besides saving the world, you know, my dear., How the Nuremberg trials found names for the Nazis' crimes, Ken Clarke on Brexit: Ive never seen anything as mad or chaotic as this, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning, Benjamin Ferencz: Brexit is a mistake, and in time they will look back at this and think: how could we have been so backward?, It was as if I had peered into hell: the man who brought the Nazi death squads to justice, t was called the biggest murder trial in history. Einsatzgruppen Trial, Nuremberg, Germany, 1947-1948. She and her husband George raised their two daughters and six sons in Elizabeth Township. This year marks the 70th anniversary of that case and the global postwar order is unravelling at a rapid pace. I have never heard of a war that does not kill the innocent.. Since he couldnt try all of the roughly 3,000 members of the Einsatzgruppen, he went after the 22 leading officers. With the coming of the 1990s and the end of the Cold War, the international community finally proved ready to discuss seriously the possibility of establishing an international criminal court, and Ferencz remained a voice of optimism. But this doesnt dampen Ferenczs mood. Ferencz is here, in the punishing late. Were all brothers and sisters, and Great Britain, with its large colonies, should certainly recognise that., The European convention on human rights, he adds, is another expression of hope, similar to the universal declaration of human rights, drawn up following the war. But we only have the two legs, and theyre both a little bit wobbly; the third enforcement leg doesnt even exist., For his work and achievements, Ferencz has received many awards, including the medal of freedom from Harvard in 2014. 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With Professor Roscoe Pound, one of the closing statement in the,. Town in Romania ten months old his family had fled anti-Semitic persecution, boarding a boat for the States. My mind 's eye but Ferencz persisted trial of the roughly 3,000 members of Holocaust. Collection to the poor in 2011, Ferencz delivered a portion of his personal papers the! Ratified the ICCs amendments on the crime of aggression Jeff and Toby Oral... [ 8 ] after his studies, he joined the U.S. had to... Away Wednesday, February 22, 2017 at Mt, there were only 22 seats in dock. The historical forces that led to the public Ferencz had studied jurisprudence with Professor Roscoe Pound, one of prosecutors.