Central Europe is not part of the UN Geoscheme for Europe. https://www.nielsenreport.org The difference between Western Europe and Eastern Europe (and why it matters) During the last couple of years, it has becom. Southern Europe is also home to the worlds smallest and least populous country, Vatican City, which has less than a thousand inhabitants. Eastern Europe: People speak languages with Slavic roots. But there are still certain patterns we can discuss, certain generalizations in various parts of Europe that seem to apply. FIG. Artists like Van Gogh, Renoir, and Chagall, not to mention some of the worlds greatest orchestras, museums, and galleries. But you don't have to go far from a major city to find this attitude change. They also have a small smile that tends to be even more angled than Asians. Eastern Europe is the largest and most populous . Eastern Europeans typically have deep-set eyes, rounder faces, shorter noses, and very high cheekbones. People will routinely spend several hours eating a meal with family. Languages: Not too far behind is Spain, which boasts a population of about 46 million. Southern Europe is also home to Europes biggest city, Istanbul, though ironically, much of Istanbul and its population technically reside in Asia. (At the same time, its worth noting that on this and other questions there are differences within Europe too. Indeed, Germany has always figured prominently in the history of Central Europe, beginning with the Holy Roman Empire that controlled much of the region in medieval times. In fact, the opposite is true: In Western Europe, young adults (ages 18 to 34) are less likely than their elders to regard birthplace and ancestry as crucial to national identity, while in Central and Eastern Europe, young adults and older people are about equally likely to feel this way. Our findings conclude that European colonization can very well be attributed to the beauty standards across Asia; for much of these regions, the ideal standard of beauty is heavily influenced by the ideal European figure, such as their light skin and light colored eyes. The United Nations Geoscheme divides Europe into 4 subregions: Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Northern Europe, and Southern Europe. 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA The most populous country in Southern Europe is Italy, which has more than 60 million people living within its borders. (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main Religion is central to life, especially in Italy where the Catholic faith is dominant. In many Western European countries surveyed, roughly one-fifth of the population expresses belief in reincarnation, a concept more closely associated with Eastern religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism than with Christianity. Although there is no longer a physical east-west barrier in Europe, there still exists a faint, but measurable, cultural and economic divide. Thanks to the USSR, there are some large Russian populations and similar cultural attitudes. All rights reserved. 2. 2Americans tend to prioritize individual liberty, while Europeans tend to value the role of the state to ensure no one in society is in need. And of course, the United Kingdom voted in 2016 to leave the European Union, which many have suggested came in part due to concerns about immigration and open borders. The Romanian language consists of 75% Latin, 20% Dacian and 5% Slavic. Along with the inventions of the industrial revolution, countries have been able to gain a high economic development rate. In addition, when it comes to views about Muslims and Jews, young adults in most countries in Central and Eastern Europe are no more accepting than their elders. For most people, the best news is that most of Eastern Europe is cheap to travel to. Specifically, our European participants clearly fixated the eyes more in Caucasian (own-race) than in Asian (other-race) faces, in which, in comparison to Caucasian faces, they looked at the nose more often. (See Religion in Latin America: Widespread Change in a Historically Catholic Region and Tolerance and Tension: Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa.) In Western Europe, on the other hand, in no country does a majority express belief in the evil eye. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, Eastern and Western Europeans Differ on Importance of Religion, Views of Minorities, and Key Social Issues, important component of their national identity, Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe, Religion in Latin America: Widespread Change in a Historically Catholic Region, Tolerance and Tension: Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa. Conscious of its spiritual and moral heritage, the Union is founded on the indivisible, universal values of human dignity, freedom, equality and solidarity; it is based on the principles of democracy and the rules of law. Religious attendance in Western Europe is poor. Coming from Engineering cum Human Resource Development background, has over 10 years experience in content developmet and management. Even with workaholic Slovenians on one extreme and relaxed Bosnians on the other, Eastern Europeans tend to balance work and play better than Americans. regarding European colonization of Asia and popular folklores and figures. The Central and Eastern Europe surveys were conducted via face-to-face-interviews, while Western Europeans were surveyed by telephone. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. The economy is comparatively lower and less stable than in Western Europe. Americans are also especially likely to believe that an individual who works hard can find success: 73% said hard work is very important for getting ahead in life compared to a European median of 35%. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com. Italian Culture | Customs, Traditions & Values, Western Region of the U.S. Theres one characteristic that all Eastern Europeans share, from Finland to Macedonia, from Slovenia to Ukraineits toughness. For instance, 46% of Romanians say their government should promote religious values and beliefs. For a complete analysis of abortion laws in Europe and elsewhere, see . The cities of Western Europe, especially in the UK, France, and Germany, are responsible for a large proportion of the economic growth, and life there is different from much of the rest of Europe. Western Europeans also express belief in God at lower levels than people in Central and Eastern Europe, where large majorities say they believe in God including overwhelming shares in several countries, such as Georgia, Armenia, Moldova and Romania. Life in Europe, like anywhere, varies a lot. Eastern and Western Europeans Differ on Importance of Religion, Views of Minorities, and Key Social Issues People in Central and Eastern Europe are less accepting of Muslims and Jews, same-sex marriage, and legal abortion People often describe a decreasing population as a problem or a demographic crisis. However, a forever-increasing population is a doomed Ponzi scheme. 1 (3 views). Next came Ukraine (15%), Slovakia (19%), Romania (16%), Serbia (14%), Czechia (12.5%), Macedonia (10%), Albania (10%), Montenegro (9%), Bosnia (10%), and Bulgaria (10%). These geographic races include: Europeans (which include Middle Easterners and Mediterraneans) Eastern Indians Asians American Indians Africans Melanesians Micronesians Polynesians Australian Aborigines 3. And in a few countries, including Russia, Christians have increased as a percentage of the population. Move Over BRIC. The two sides of Europe do not appear to be moving closer on these questions with younger generations. While large majorities across the continent say they were baptized Christian, and most European countries still have solid Christian majorities, the survey responses indicate a significant decline in Christian affiliation throughout Western Europe. What are the reasons for these opposing patterns on different sides of the continent? This may reflect the fact that multiple languages are spoken in these countries, including large numbers of Russian speakers in Moldova, Ukraine and Belarus. In Poland, Germany and Italy, fewer than half think this kind of speech should be legal. Eastern Europe refers to the eastern part of Europe. The rest of this report will look at more cross-regional comparisons, including: Christianity has long been the prevailing religion in Europe, and it remains the majority religious affiliation in 27 of the 34 countries surveyed. However, today, Westerners are saddled with convoluted tax codes, while Eastern Europeans are champions of flat taxes. Governments also tend to take a much heavier hand in their economies to this day, and will work hard to actively provide jobs for their people. (see here), majorities in all of these countries view being born in their country and having ancestry there as important components of national identity. In some cases, these views are almost universally held. Physical & Human Features of Europe | Mapping the Features of Europe, Eastern Europe | Countries, Geography & Religions, Rivers of Western Europe Lesson for Kids: History & Geography, Major Mountains in Europe | Map, Ranges & Peaks, Comparing Life in Different Locations of the United States, Where is Latin America? 5Americans and Europeans dont always agree on questions about morality, especially on issues related to sexuality. Compared with Western Europeans, fewer Central and Eastern Europeans would welcome Muslims or Jews into their families or neighborhoods, extend the right of marriage to gay or lesbian couples or broaden the definition of national identity to include people born outside their country. Check out Francis other posts on Big Think. For example, fully half or more of adults in Greece, Bosnia, Armenia, Georgia and Romania say religion is very important in their lives, compared with about one-in-ten in France, Germany, the United Kingdom and several other Western European countries. In a 2014 survey, 57% of Americans disagreed with the statement Success in life is pretty much determined by forces outside our control, a higher percentage than in any of the European nations polled. Other questions asked on the survey point to a further East-West values gap with respect to key social issues, such as same-sex marriage and legal abortion. Many Eastern European cities are not designed around cars, and walking is common. Yet, at the same time, only about six-in-ten Hungarians believe in God, reflecting Western European levels of belief. Life in this part of Europe is even more laid-back and relaxed than further north. Of course, Eastern Europeans are a diverse bunch, as The Hidden Europe certainly proves. In addition to the importance of religion to national identity, the surveys also asked about several other possible elements of national identity. Today, most of Eastern Europe is part of the European Union (EU) and NATO. Moreover, Eastern Europe isnt the global leader on such issues (nor are they the laggard, either). The countries of Scandinavia are well-known for their cradle-to-grave welfare states. Get unlimited access to over 84,000 lessons. However, these arent just Eastern European traits; they are human traits. Individualism., A notable exception is Poland, where abortion is much more restricted. I am thinking of traditional values like progress towards higher well-being, family success, and traditional gender relations.. More than half of adults in most countries say religion should be kept separate from government policies, rather than the opposing view that government policies should support religious values and beliefs. In fact, overwhelming majorities of adults in every European country surveyed East and West alike say it is important to respect the laws of their country in order to truly belong. Crime is low, even in cities, making Western Europe very safe. Eastern Europeans (Slavs) have darker skin than northern Europeans. Western culture prefers curvy women and tan skin, while Asian culture idolizes slim figures and pale skin. Also economically, the Western European countries are much more advanced than the eastern European countries. 4Religion is significantly less important to Europeans than to Americans. Thus, to claim that Eastern Europe is an antiquated or meaningless term because Eastern European nations have no longer anything in common is wrong. In the Eastern European countries, the conservative ideas are more prominent in comparison to the Western region. Eastern Europeans are less stressed than Western Europeans. Most of Russias land mass, however, is part of Asia, not Europe, as Russia is a transcontinental country, and has territory in both Europe and Asia. Little typifies this approach to life more than the siesta, which is a short nap in the early afternoon, usually after lunch. Western Europe is the part of Europe that generally includes the United Kingdom, France, Spain, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Luxembourg. Businesses tend to close during this time and reopen in the evening. Between these two regions, a myriad of differences can be viewed regarding the geographical location, culture, economy, etc. Religion: Western Europe: More Catholics and Protestant Christians can be seen. Nations with higher levels of gross domestic product per capita tend to have lower percentages saying religion is very important in their lives. Some of Europes most recent armed conflicts have taken place in Southern Europe, most notably in the Balkans. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. For more on how the European Court of Justice has handled these issues, see Ferraro, Francesca, and Jess Carmona. Physical Traits of the Six European Races Found in Germany Nordic Race Western Race Eastern (Alpine) Race Dinarian Race East Baltic Race Phaehlian Race Build tall, slim short, slim short, stocky, broad tall, not-so-slim short, stocky, robust, big-boned tall, broad Legs long long short long short long Skull long, narrow, back of the head projecting In France and the United Kingdom, for example, most say it is not important to be Christian to be truly French or truly British. Religion plays a less-significant role in everyday life than places like the United States, and the majority do not attend church regularly. In Spain, for example, only about half of adults under 35 (47%) say having Spanish ancestry is important to being Spanish, compared with 64% of older Spaniards. That brings us to their greatest trait: resilience. It is also Europes least populous country. Meanwhile, Americans and Western Europeans are plagued with a Byzantine tax code. But in the East, views are more varied. None of the Central and Eastern European countries surveyed allow same-sex marriages. Germany has the worlds fourth largest economy, while France has the seventh largest economy in the world. For example, 61% of younger Estonians (ages 18 to 34) oppose legal gay marriage in their country, compared with 75% of those 35 and older. Other parts of the world where Pew Research Center has conducted in-depth surveys of religious beliefs and practices include. The distance between Americans and Western Europeans . Eastern European cities have outstanding pedestrian zones. In fact, the levels of belief in the evil eye across Central and Eastern Europe are comparable to those found in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa, where indigenous religions have had a broad impact on the respective cultures. In addition, East Asia doesn't emphasize makeup the same way Western countries do; Asian makeup trends tend to have a larger focus on skin care. Thats natural because there are common bonds, despite the diversitythe same goes for Eastern Europe. To summarize an entire way of life in a whole continent, much less one that contains around 50 countries, is no easy task. [CC BY-SA 3.0] via Commons, Filed Under: Countries Tagged With: Eastern bloc, Eastern Europe, Eastern Europe characteristics, Eastern Europe definition, Soviet bloc, Western and Eastern Europe compare, Western Europe, Western Europe characteristics, Western Europe definition, Western vs Eastern Europe. Create your account, 55 chapters | Eastern European is what is called a panethnicity, which describes a group of ethnicities with common origins. Methods 2.1. Russian men often have angular faces with prominent noses. Fully nine-in-ten Russians, for instance, oppose legal same-sex marriage, while similarly lopsided majorities in the Netherlands, Denmark and Sweden favor allowing gay and lesbian couples to marry legally. Observers I highly recommend you use this site! Although Eastern Europeans havent learned how to market their declining populations as a positive attribute, they can show the world the vast benefits of everyone getting more elbowroom. Most are also members of NATO. Still, relatively few express willingness to accept Muslims as family members or neighbors. But historical schisms underlie this common religious identity: Each of the three major Christian traditions Catholicism, Protestantism and Orthodoxy predominates in a certain part of the continent. Eastern European culture is friendly and welcoming: from inviting strangers into your home to offerings of gifts and beverages. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Copyright 2010-2018 Difference Between. Across the continent, Europeans mostly say religion and government should be kept separate. In France, only 14% consider religion very important. Use our interactive map to find out, 60% of Americans Would Be Uncomfortable With Provider Relying on AI in Their Own Health Care, The changing face of Congress in 8 charts. Fortunately, however, this bloodshed eventually gave way to happier times. Europe has a population for more than 747 million people. Nearly six-in-ten in the U.S. (58%) believe allowing everyone to pursue their lifes goals without interference from the state is more important. Similarly, Americans are more likely to say offensive statements about minority groups should be permitted. And Protestantism is the dominant Christian tradition in much of Northern Europe, particularly Scandinavia. It is also important to note that the divisions created by the UN Geoscheme do not necessarily reflect the historical or current divisions of Europe. In addition, all the Western European countries surveyed have sizable populations of religiously unaffiliated people those who identify as atheist, agnostic or nothing in particular, collectively sometimes called nones. Nones make up at least 15% of the population in every Western European country surveyed, and they are particularly numerous in the Netherlands (48%), Norway (43%) and Sweden (42%). People speak romance languages and those with Germanic roots as well. But this view is more widespread in Western Europe, while several Central and Eastern European countries are more divided. Here, life is even more laid-back and relaxed than in the West. The share in each country who say they would be willing to accept Muslims or Jews as neighbors can be found. Today, most of the Balkan states are part of the EU and NATO, as are most of the countries of Southern Europe in general. For example, in the Baltic states of Latvia and Estonia, the vast majority of people say being Christian (specifically Lutheran) is not important to their national identity. People speak languages with Slavic roots. Particularly sharp differences emerge when comparing attitudes in countries historically associated with Eastern vs. Western Europe. Of course, there are other shared positive traits in Eastern Europe. In much of Europe, life is laid-back and slow-paced; people work shorter hours and have lots of time with family. Catholic-majority countries are prevalent in the central and southwestern parts of Europe, cutting a swath from Lithuania through Poland, Slovakia and Hungary, and then extending westward across Croatia, Austria, Italy and France to the Iberian Peninsula. For example, majorities in Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands and Norway say it is not very or not at all important to be born in their country or have family background there to be truly Swedish, etc. No matter where the lines are drawn, however, there are strong geographic patterns in how people view religion, national identity, minorities and key social issues. But today, for most people living in the former Eastern bloc, being Christian (whether Catholic or Orthodox) is an important component of their national identity. This affects the culture to this day, with some large Russian populations and similar cultural attitudes. I took trains all the way from Istanbul to London, and eastern and western Europe felt like different worlds. Your email address will not be published. In seven Central and Eastern European countries, however, the view that church and state should be separate falls short of a majority position. Communism, wars, and winters have sculpted their tradition of getting by with little. Latin American Culture & Traditions | What is Latin America? 1. But it is useful for us to see the old ideals still alive in the minds of Eastern Europeans. Age differences are stronger in Western Europe than in Eastern Europe on this issue: Younger adults across most of Western Europe are more likely than those ages 35 and older to prefer separation of church and state. But the term European values can mean different things to different people. He has a Masters in Education, and a Bachelors in Physics. Life in Eastern Europe has more and more in common with the west every day, especially in cities. In most countries in the East, the share of Christians has remained fairly stable in recent generations. For example, on the topic of individualism, the sociologist Steven Lukes has posited that individualism (or human autonomy) is a value central to the morality of modern Western civilization, and it is absent or understressed in others (such as many tribal moralities or that of orthodox communism in Eastern Europe today). Lukes, Steven. People are also much more religious here, especially in Italy where the Catholic faith is dominant. When Gallup asked, Did you experience stress yesterday? Russians were the most chilled out Europeans, with just one in 10 answering yes. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. Europe Climate Zones & Classifications | What Is the Climate In Europe? Is Christianity a European value? What about secularism? Moreover, although the concept of Central Europe exists both historically and currently, there is no consensus as to which countries should be considered part of it. Governments also tend to take a heavy role in economies compared to the West. 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