All comments are moderated by the Learning Network staff, but please keep in mind that once your comment is accepted, it will be made public. Cruel and Unusual. New Yorker. Slow Death of the Death Penalty. Economist. During the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, lawyers for federal death-row inmates Dustin Higgs and Corey Johnson argued that their clients, both of whom tested positive for COVID-19, should not be subject to lethal injection. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax Sophisticated studies at the state level show that the death penalty costs taxpayers more than life without parole. Proponents of the death penalty say it is an important tool for preserving law and order, deters crime, and costs less than life imprisonment. By inflicting death on those who deliberately inflict death on others, the death penalty ensures justice for all. The analysis suggests that adequate provision of counsel by states in death penalty cases correlates to reduced imposition of death sentences. While many are in favor of capital punishment, others still show compassion and mercy on the criminals, thinking that a human still resides in the monster that killed many souls. The Atlantic Monthly Group, 30 Oct. 2013. Mercy and pardon are proper to God . Also, check with your teacher to see if you should be using a different type of citation style in your paper (such as APA or Chicago). Justice Breyer wrote in that 46-page dissent that he considered it highly likely that the death penalty violates the Eighth Amendment, which bars cruel and unusual punishments. But the widest partisan divide wider than differences in opinions about the death penalty itself is over whether White people and Black people are equally likely to be sentenced to the death penalty for committing similar crimes. Explain your answer. You may feel like your teacher is giving you the death sentence by making you write this paper in the first place, right? It also provides links to a study from the University of Colorado and a paper from Emory University to help back up these claims as well. Across educational and racial or ethnic groups, majorities say that the death penalty does not deter serious crimes, although there are differences in how widely this view is held. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook, Twitter (@NYTopinion) and Instagram. "The Death Penalty is Cheaper Than Feeding a Murderer for Life" According to the Death Penalty Information Center, independent studies in several states, including Oklahoma, reveal that capital punishment is actually far more expensive to administer than life imprisonment. Amnesty International holds that the death penalty breaches human rights, in particular the right to life and the right to live free from torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. The death penalty is far more expensive than a system in which life imprisonment without parole is the maximum sentence. Among Republicans and Republican leaners who favor the death penalty, 94% say it is morally justified; 86% of Democrats and Democratic leaners who favor the death penalty also say this. Illegal Immigration. The majority decision reasoned that the constitutional prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment does not equate to a guarantee of a painless execution. This doesnt always mean that you have to get an article from a well-known news website or national newspaper, but that the article should be backed up with cited facts. According to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), incarceration rates of racial minorities skyrocketed in the decade following the McCleskey decision. In your opinion, should pharmaceutical companies have the right to refuse to sell drugs for executions? Abolishing the death penalty is the only way to prevent bias in its application and ensure that no person is executed by the government erroneously or unconstitutionally. It says that capital punishment serves as retribution for victims and their families, as well as a deterrence for other murders. It then covers the popular opinions of death penalty sentences, and goes on to state and give statistics indicating that state executions deter anywhere from 2 to 20 murders within Texas annually. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. Crimes punishable by death are called capital offenses. In the US, that number is 65%. A grand jury determined in 2016 that state officials had committed a long list of oversights and avoidable mistakes in carrying out executions. Now that youve seen arguments in favor, lets take a close look at four anti- death penalty articles. On July 17, they did. The US Department of Justice (DOJ) authorizes federal death penalty cases, which are prosecuted in federal court. Given the long delay that had already occurred, the Justice Department asked the Supreme Court to lift the order so the execution could proceed. 14 Jan. 2015. In the article "Death penalty is a deterrence", the authors claims that by practicing the death penalty, violent crimes will decrease. While conservative Republicans are more likely to express support for the death penalty than moderate and liberal Republicans, clear majorities of both groups favor the death penalty (82% of conservative Republicans and 68% of moderate and liberal Republicans). The answer was unequivocal: He would stay as long as it took. How do we continue to track changes in public opinion when theres a shift in survey mode?. The death penalty helps ease overpopulation in prisons and it ensures that less tax payers' money is spent for the maintenance of individuals that have acted against society in the most violent way. For example, Black people are overrepresented on death row, and a recent study found that defendants convicted of killing white victims were executed at a rate 17 times greater than those convicted of killing Black victims. Does this information change or reinforce your opinion of capital punishment? What its about: This article does not seek emotional appeals to the readers, but cites the e statistically fewer numbers of death penalty sentences and executions. One year after the announcement federal executions resumed, and ten prisoners were executed by the federal government in the last six months of 2020. Below, our experts have collected some death penalty title ideas and samples for your paper. There Would No Longer Be Innocent Live Lost Since the death penalty was reinstated in 1976, more than 300 people have been exonerated of capital crimes. How do we continue to track changes in public opinion when theres a shift in survey mode?, Differing views of death penalty by race and ethnicity, education, ideology, Intraparty differences in support for the death penalty, Differences by race and ethnicity, education over whether there are racial disparities in death penalty sentencing, Overwhelming share of death penalty supporters say it is morally justified. A similar ruling was handed down by the court in Moore v. Texas (2017), which stated that the standards used to determine intellectual disability in Texas created an "unacceptable risk that persons with intellectual disabilities will be executed.". The Federal Death Penalty Act prohibits the government from executing an inmate who is mentally disabled; however, in the recent executions of Corey Johnson, Alfred Bourgeois and Lisa Montgomery, their defense teams, families and others argued that they had intellectual disabilities. For example, about two-thirds of conservative Republicans (65%) say this compared with 34% who say there are adequate safeguards to ensure that no innocent person will be executed despite conservative Republicans expressing quite favorable attitudes toward the death penalty on other questions. The death penalty is one of the most contentious issues in our society today. The article lists his responses to common arguments from those opposed to the death penalty, such as the racial biases and whether the death penalty actually deters criminals. European drug manufacturers objected to capital punishment procedures, and the European Commission banned the export of drugs used in lethal injection procedures in 2011. Removing the option to seek the death penalty would be unconstitutional because the Fifth Amendment authorizes its application as long as ". Gibson, Kyle. For example, the average cost of this case is almost $2.5 million (Goodman). Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. Giving the death penalty as a punishment simply restores order to society and adequately punishes the criminal for his wrongdoing. After America's Most Wanted aired a pro-gram about him, McDuff was arrested in 1992, convicted, and given two death sentences. Or do you think it should be abolished? Seven state executions took place in 2020, the lowest annual number of the twenty-first century. About four-in-ten (39%) oppose the death penalty, with 15% strongly opposed, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. For federal offenses, the government uses the methods of execution authorized by the state in which the court imposes the punishment. They sought to obstruct by any means the administration of sentences that Congress permitted, juries supported and the Supreme Court approved. After the execution of Louis Jones Jr. in March 2003, no federal executions were scheduled until July 2019, when William Barr, the US Attorney General under President Donald Trump, announced that federal executions would resume. Supporters of the death penalty believe that those who commit murder, because they have taken the life of another, have forfeited . Students 13 and older in the United States and the United Kingdom, and 16 and older elsewhere, are invited to comment. The National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty, the nation's oldest antideath penalty nonprofit organization, was founded in 1976 and focuses on ending the practice through mass organization, providing legal assistance, and educating people about the death penalty. Web. Eden Meirow is a full-time copywriter and part-time freelance writer. The Federal Death Penalty Act prohibits the government from executing an inmate who is mentally disabled; however, in the recent executions of Corey Johnson, Alfred Bourgeois and Lisa. For decades, the death penalty has been decreasing around the world, but it hasn't disappeared yet. Correctional Facilities Directory By State. Mr. Lees final hours awaiting his fate were a result of his own lawyers choice to assert a non-meritorious objection at the last moment. Choose your death penalty articles from a variety of sources. But as a legal issue, it is straightforward. Under US constitutional law, states have the right to apply their own criminal statutes including capital punishment. Amnesty International holds that the death penalty breaches human rights, in particular the right to life and the right to live free from torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. However, he backs up his emotional statements with statistics and links to studies that indicate that the death penalty is costly, doesnt necessarily deter murders, and is imposed on people who are innocent of the crimes for which they were convicted. The Court reasoned that the laws resulted in a disproportionate application of the death penalty, specifically discriminating against the poor and minorities. SIRS Issues Researcher It also gives in-depth information about the lethal injection drug shortage and statistics on the publics views on the death sentence. Governors had placed moratoriums on the death penalty in an additional three states. In 1999 state governments carried out ninety-eight executions, the highest number since the 1976 reinstatement of the death penalty. Updated: Jan 20th, 2023. All things being equal and fair, the death penalty is a suitable punishment for a select number of crimes. Pro-Death Penalty article by UCLA Political Science student, Aanand N. Patel for student newspapaer. Get inspiration from over 500,000 example essays. 14 Jan. 2015. Since the countries that retain this punishment are home to over 60% of the world's population, an essay on death penalty should outline how national laws treat this topic. Several nonprofit organizations work to end the use of capital punishment. How people can support the death penalty? To begin with, the Death Penalty is mainly known as Capital Punishment. Use ProCon.org to help students strengthen their persuasive writing by identifying and responding to counterarguments. He responds by saying that capital punishment is not inherently racist and that the people studying deterrence are discouraged and, thus, quiet about their research. The court's rulings also indicated that inconsistent and racially biased death sentences could be prevented by holding two hearings: one to establish guilt and one, if found guilty, to determine sentencing. The DPIC Death Penalty Census Published: Jul 20, 2022 In the July 2022 episode of Discussions with DPIC, Death Penalty Information Center Executive Director Robert Dunham and 2021 - 2022 DPIC Data Fellow Aimee Breaux discuss the making of DPIC 's groundbreaking Death Penalty Census database and Discussions With DPIC Toobin, Jeffrey. Conversely, it costs approximately $200,000 to $300,000 to convict and sentence an . the death penalty given an alternative of life without parole, support decreases significantly.7 In 1991, Gallup found that 76% of Americans supported the death penalty, but that support would drop to 53% if life imprisonment without parole were available as an alternative.8 While most deterrence research has found that the death penalty Everyone who took part in this survey is a member of the Centers American Trends Panel (ATP), an online survey panel that is recruited through national, random sampling of residential addresses. An overwhelming share of death penalty supporters (90%) say it is morally justified under such circumstances, compared with 25% of death penalty opponents. John Duncan the father of the victim Lori Duncan and grandfather of her slain daughters, Kandace (age 10) and Amber (age 6) had urged Mr. Honkens execution for years. About half of Hispanic (53%), Asian (53%) and Black (48%) Democrats favor the death penalty, compared with 42% of White Democrats. Upon losing his Supreme Court appeal, McCleskey was executed by the state of Georgia in 1991. Scheidegger is a California lawyer who is a staunch pro-death penalty supporter. Executions in the United States peaked during the 1930s at an average rate of 167 per year. Capital punishment enables the state to assert its authority over the people and serve in its role as the administrator of justice. 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars. Lower Drinking Age. some members of Mr. Lees victims families opposed his execution. Yet the death penalty for people convicted of murder continues to draw support from a majority of Americans despite widespread doubts about its administration, fairness and whether it deters serious crimes. Among those with postgraduate degrees, a larger share say they oppose (55%) than favor (44%) the death penalty. By the 1800s, federal law not only permitted capital punishment but required it in cases involving certain crimes. These decisions allowed the reinstatement of state death penalty laws. (Deterrence) 2.73: 1.27: 2.71: 1.36: 0.16 I become angry when a convicted murderer does not receive the death penalty . If you're writing a paper about the death penalty, you can start with this list of sources, which provide arguments for all sides of the topic. Among Republicans, a narrow majority of conservative Republicans (56%) say the death penalty does deter serious crimes, while a similar share of moderate and liberal Republicans (57%) say it does not. Jacoby, Jeff. Justice Ginsburg, who died in September, had joined the dissent. (February 8, 2001) Pro-Death Penalty article by UCLA Political Science student, Aanand N. Patel for student newspapaer. High quality drugs with speedy delivery. How concerned should we be about wrongfully convicted people being executed? The government is granted the authority to execute a person if certain conditionssuch as arrest, indictment, and trialhave been met. The article continues: If Justice Breyer sounded rueful, it was because he had just a few years ago held out hope that the court would reconsider the constitutionality of capital punishment. At sentencing hearings, the prosecution and the defense present information about the defendant's character and background; they also submit arguments for either stern or merciful treatment. However, death penalty supporters decried the ban, arguing that judges should be able to decide if the death penalty is warranted based on the circumstances of each case. Black: 40.9%. The shift is more pragmatic than moral, as Americans realize that our. In 2006, Dr. Paul Rubin professor of economics at Emory University testified in front of the Senate Judiciary Committee on the death penalty's "strong deterrent effect." Just over six-in-ten Republicans in this age group (64%) say this, compared with about eight-in-ten Republicans ages 35 and older. The Center was founded in 1990 and prepares in-depth reports, issues press releases, conducts briefings for journalists, and serves as a resource to those working on this issue. Despite this surge in federal executions in 2020, state executions reached their lowest number that year since 1991. It is a very complex issue, and context on the crime is essential. DC and Puerto Rico Statehood. Most of the country did not use the death penalty, he said, and the United States was an international outlier in embracing it. Warren McCleskey, a Black resident of Georgia, had been convicted of killing a white police officer during an armed robbery in 1978 and sentenced to death. Web. Along with her BS in marketing from Florida State University and MA in museum studies from Johns Hopkins University, she has spent the past 7 years learning how best to reach and teach people using the power of words. The shortage resulted in the postponement of several scheduled executions. The court determined that the unequal and arbitrary application of the death penalty to African American defendants violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. What its about: Gillespies article takes a very emotional approach, saying that state governments should protect the lives of all citizens, even convicted murderers. The next day, Dustin Honken was executed for five murders committed in 1993, including the execution-style shooting of two young girls, their mother, and two prospective witnesses against him in a federal prosecution for methamphetamine trafficking. The death penalty is a difficult issue for many Americans on moral, religious and policy grounds. The third execution, of Dustin Honken, occurred on schedule, but still too late for some of his victims families. Web. However, just 26% of Democrats who favor the death penalty say that Black and White people are equally likely to receive this sentence, and only 6% of Democrats who oppose the death penalty say this. In 2020, following seventeen years without carrying out the penalty, the federal government executed ten people. As a result, survey results from recent online surveys are not directly comparable with past years telephone survey trends. What its about: This article, like the one above, is more concerned with problems within the structure of the death penalty than with whether or not there should be a death penalty. For each article I give you, Ive also included an MLA citation. Four of the eight inmates were ultimately executed, while four received stays of execution. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. Check Out These Example Death Penalty Essays. 14 Jan. 2015. 14 Jan. 2015. Students in U.S. high schools can get free digital access to The New York Times until Sept. 1, 2021. He was finally executed in 1998.2 Anyone can read what you share. News & Cases See more. The 5 th and 14 th Amendments carry express approval of the death penalty: a person may not be "deprived of life, liberty or . Or are you universally opposed to capital punishment? In his final statement, Mr. Purkey apologized to Jennifers family for the pain he had caused, contradicting the claim of his lawyers that he did not understand the reason for his execution. However, later on this type of punishment came to be regarded as a . "Capital Punishment." Adults ages 50 to 64 are most supportive of the death penalty, with 69% in favor. This award-winning online reference resource features a highly-respected, diversified mix of content including scholarly journals, trade publications, magazines, books, newspapers, reports and videos. Do you think capital punishment should end? There are many different ways that the death . Only 15% of Democrats say this. It also gives statistics on the racial disparity of capital punishment. Republicans and Democrats also differ over whether the death penalty is morally justified, whether it acts as a deterrent to serious crime and whether adequate safeguards exist to ensure that no innocent person is put to death. Some states attempted to circumvent regulations, resulting in the federal Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) seizing drug supplies from prisons in Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, South Carolina, and Tennessee. White: 48.6%. About four-in-ten (39%) oppose the death penalty, with 15% strongly opposed, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. The decision to seek the death penalty against Mr. Lee was made by Attorney General Janet Reno (who said she personally opposed the death penalty but was bound by the law) and reaffirmed by Deputy Attorney General Eric Holder. Furthermore, a 2009 survey of criminologists revealed that "over 88% believed the death penalty was not a deterrent to murder.". Why its a good source: Again, this article could be used for either side of the argument. Instead of serving a lifelong custodial sentence, the criminal will wait on 'death row', eventually being executed. What about restorative justice, an approach that considers harm done and strives for agreement from all concerned the victims, the offender and the community on making amends? It gives a link to a document from the US Department of Justice and provides numbers on the amount of violence that occurs at the hands of prison gangs. About half of those ages 18 to 29 (51%) favor the death penalty, compared with about six-in-ten adults ages 30 to 49 (58%) and those 65 and older (60%). Critics cast doubt on its value as a crime deterrent and argued that the courts applied it inconsistently and unequally. The abolitionist movement to end capital punishment also influenced state legislatures. DPIC is a non-profit organization serving the media and the public with analysis and information on issues concerning capital punishment. In the article "Death penalty is a deterrence", the authors claims that by practicing the death penalty, violent crimes will decrease. Arguments on both sides of the capital punishment debate draw support from the US Constitution. Steiker, Jordan. It can also be used as an important negotiating tool for the police and the justice system, as where the possible sentence is death, the prisoner . About seven-in-ten (69%) of those with college degrees say this, as do about six-in-ten (59%) of those without college degrees. CON Opponents who argue that the death penalty is not a deterrent to capital crimes state that there is no evidence to support the claim that the penalty is a deterrent. In the 1980s, the court ruled that the death penalty could not be applied to offenders under the age of sixteen or those deemed mentally incompetent. It is a good source for pulling direct quotes instead of just giving statistics. The death penalty has been abolished in 22 states and 106 countries, yet it is still legal at the federal level in the United States. Arguments against the death penalty. It gives direct quotes from Gallup poll findings about public opinion. Web. Justice Breyer added that there was little reason to think that the death penalty deterred crime and that long delays between sentences and executions might themselves violate the Eighth Amendment. The less access to abortion, the greater the. The death penalty articles Ive listed below focus less about whether the death penalty is right or wrong, and more about the problems with the current system. Nor did the family members of Wesley Purkeys victim, Jennifer Long, who were in Terre Haute on Wednesday afternoon. The decision required states to develop consistent legal standards for capital punishment to ensure that sentences matched the severity of offenses and did not cause undue pain and suffering. Although they note that some members of Mr. Lees victims families opposed his execution, others did not. 14 Jan. 2015. 14 Jan. 2015. Rate this book. Now that weve covered what to look for in those death penalty articles, lets get to some more concrete examples. See Chart 1.) Why its a good source: Though the article does not include links to the studies and polls it references, it gives substantial statistics and cites where they came fromDuke University study and a Gallup poll. As of March 2021, the death penalty had been abolished in twenty-three US states and the District of Columbia. In the final minutes before the execution was to occur, Mr. Lees lawyers claimed the execution could not proceed because Mr. Lee still had time to seek further review of an appellate court decision six weeks earlier lifting a prior stay of execution. Partisanship continues to be a major factor in support for the death penalty and opinions about its administration. The Innocence Project, founded in 1992, focuses on providing legal services and DNA testing with the purpose of winning exoneration for wrongfully convicted prisoners. As you can tell, there are a lot of different types of sources out theresome are emotional, some are dry and factual. The court ruled that mandatory capital punishment laws were too rigid. Opponents of the death penalty have also focused their arguments on the mental capacity of those found guilty of capital offenses. 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